Major applications of Niti memory alloys in the biomedical field
Apr 11, 2023
Nickel-titanium shape memory alloys (SMAs) refer to a type of alloy with a certain initial shape that can be plastically deformed and fixed into another shape at low temperatures and then can recover its initial shape by heating above a critical temperature. As a type of intelligent material that combines sensing and actuation, SMA has gained widespread attention in both academia and industry. SMA products have penetrated various sectors of the national economy, such as aerospace, machinery, electronics, energy, transportation, and construction, and have achieved good results. Below, we will summarize the application of nickel-titanium memory alloys in the medical field:
Biomedical Applications：
NiTi shape memory alloys exhibit excellent performance in biomedical applications, such as high corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, non-magnetism, the ability to replicate unique characteristics of human tissues and bones, and the ability to react and change at human body temperature. In complex medical and surgical procedures, precise and reliable micro-instruments are often required for accurate positioning, which provides great advantages and opportunities for further applications. The superelastic properties of shape memory alloys are compatible with the stress-strain characteristics of human bones and tendons, making them good materials for solving problems encountered in stent surgery. The superelastic hysteresis characteristic of shape memory alloys can provide radial resistance during normal physiological activities and apply small external forces to blood vessels during the recovery process, making them an ideal choice for stent applications. Since the first successful production of a shape-memory alloy stent in 1983, there has been a significant development, and nearly half of the world's stent products are made of shape-memory alloys, which have been extended to other parts of the human body.
Major applications of Niti memory alloys in the biomedical field
①Inner bracket： The non-vascular stents, such as those used in the esophagus, intestines, trachea, bile duct, and urinary tract, including Niti alloy bare stents, radioactive stents, covered stents for artificial blood vessels, and covered stents for other vascular applications.
②Minimally invasive medical devices： trap devices, mesh baskets, grasping forceps for foreign body removal, needle instruments, stripping hooks, traction devices, clamps, flexible endoscopes, flexible grasping forceps, hernia repair clips, gastrointestinal anastomosis clips, hemorrhoidectomy clips, ulcer closure balloons for interventional endoscopic examination, filters, occlusion devices, guide wires, catheters, distal protection devices, suture closure devices for interventional radiology, venous valve supports, vascular clips, arterial anastomosis devices, vascular dilators, minimally invasive surgical instruments such as gynecological instruments.
③Orthopedic surgery and neurosurgery： Compression hip screws, compression repair needles, compression osteosynthesis devices, environmentally friendly internal fixators, screws, frame-type internal fixators, intramedullary needles, fence-like joint splints, shoulder positioning anchors, spinal orthopedic rods, etc.
④Dentistry： Orthodontic wire, orthodontic spring, root canal preparation instruments, expansion orthopedic appliance, maxillary fixation pin, dental implants, etc.
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